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A few days ago, a reporter from Jiemian News came to the construction site of the fluidized bed residue hydrogenation unit with the interview team of the key projects of China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation (hereinafter referred to as Sinopec).

The height of this installation is more than 70 meters, which is equivalent to the height of a 20-storey building. On September 10, the device was officially completed, which means that the construction unit has completed all the construction on the process operation line, and the whole has entered the final stage.

The height of the fluidized bed residual oil hydrogenation unit is equivalent to the height of a 20-storey building, and there is an elevator on the right side for the staff to go up and down. Photo: Peng Qiang The residual oil hydrogenation unit adopts the fluidized bed residual oil hydrogenation process of Axens, France, and is designed by Sinopec Luoyang Engineering Co., Ltd. It covers an area of about 34,200 square meters and has 447 sets of main equipment.

This is Sinopec's first fluidized bed residual oil hydrogenation unit, and it is also the second set in domestic refining and chemical enterprises. In the first half of this year, the fluidized bed residual oil hydrogenation unit constructed by Hengli Petrochemical has been officially put into operation.

The fluidized bed residual oil hydrogenation unit completed the intermediate delivery. At present, domestic residual oil hydrogenation units mostly use fixed bed hydrogenation process. This kind of process technology is mature, the process and equipment structure are relatively simple, and it is the most widely used.

However, fixed-bed residual oil hydrogenation cannot realize real-time replacement and renewal of catalysts. Therefore, when processing high-metal and high-asphaltene raw materials, catalyst deactivation and coking are too fast, and the process of catalyst replacement and maintenance is more troublesome.

The fluidized bed residual oil hydrogenation process mainly uses residual oil mixed with hydrogen, and the catalyst reacts in a boiling state with the help of high-speed internal and external circulation of hydrogen, which can realize online addition and discharge of the catalyst.

This process has wide adaptability of raw materials, more flexible operation, and has the characteristics of long operation period, high conversion rate of residual oil and flexible operation of the unit.

The night view of the fluidized bed residual oil hydrogenation unit. In this residual oil hydrogenation unit, there are two largest hydrogenation reactors in the world. They all weigh more than 2,400 tons, have a length of more than 70 meters, and a diameter of more than 5 meters. The manufacturing process and complexity have broken the record for hydrogenation reactors of the same type, and they can be called "big powers".

The two hydrogenation reactors were manufactured by China First Heavy Machinery Group Corporation and China Second Heavy Machinery Group Corporation (hereinafter referred to as China Erzhong).

The second reactor of the device arrives at the port. Since the length and weight of the reactor exceeds that of conventional devices, its transportation, hoisting and sending have created a new record for overall joint hoisting in China, and the total weight of the reactor and its hoisting aids has reached 2,500 tons.

Previously, the maximum lifting capacity on the Yangtze River waterway was 1,700 tons, which was composed of two cranes with a lifting capacity of 850 tons from SINOMACH Zhenjiang Company.

During the transportation of the second reactor of the device. In 2018, when the reactor manufactured by China Erzhong was hoisted and shipped, the construction party adopted the combined hoisting method of two 850-ton cranes and 1,600-ton non-self-propelled floating cranes. This created the record for the largest hoisting weight in the history of the Yangtze River waterway.

Connected to these two hydrogenation reactors are austenitic stainless steel pipes with the largest diameter and thickest thickness among similar devices in China.

The hoisting operation of the first reactor of the device is in progress. According to reports, compared with the traditional fixed bed residual oil hydrogenation unit, the fluidized bed unit has a higher degree of inferiority of raw material oil, less coke output in the process, and the product is more environmentally friendly.

Calculated on the basis of 8,400 hours of operation per year, this set of equipment can process 2.6 million tons of residual oil a year, convert these heavy residual oils into light products such as gasoline, kerosene and diesel, increase the yield of light oil, and maximize oil resources. utilization.

Residual oil is the end product of crude oil after refining. It has high impurity content and high viscosity, and is the most difficult to use heavy component in crude oil.

The desulfurization tower of this device is being hoisted. At present, the world's crude oil tends to be inferior and heavy, but the market demand for light oil such as gasoline, diesel and kerosene is increasing significantly, and major oil refining companies are pursuing the maximum conversion of residual oil. Therefore, the status of hydrotreating process is becoming more and more important.